The regulated release of estradiol into the circulatory system.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of androgen secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis.

Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism.

Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants.

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

Generation of the female gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a male gamete takes part in sexual reproduction.

The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth.

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

The generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.

The series of molecular signals mediated by follicle-stimulating hormone.

The series of molecular signals mediated by follicle-stimulating hormone.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

The multiplication or reproduction of Sertoli cells, resulting in the expansion of the Sertoli cell population. A Sertoli cell is a supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of androgen secretion.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A gonadotrophic glycoprotein hormone secreted, in mammals, by the anterior pituitary gland; consists of alpha and beta subunits, the latter of which confers hormonal specificity.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.