The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_2_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Cytochrome P450
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 29452: Cytochrome P450 19A1

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 28 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Prostaglandin-I synthase activity GO:0008116
Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin I(2).
15 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(5 more)
Heme binding GO:0020037
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.
7 O46512 (/ISS) P28649 (/ISS) P46194 (/ISS) Q5QQX7 (/ISS) Q69FB6 (/ISS) Q6YI21 (/ISS) Q95M61 (/ISS)
Aromatase activity GO:0070330
Catalysis of the reduction of an aliphatic ring to yield an aromatic ring.
7 O46512 (/ISS) P28649 (/ISS) P46194 (/ISS) Q5QQX7 (/ISS) Q69FB6 (/ISS) Q6YI21 (/ISS) Q95M61 (/ISS)
Aromatase activity GO:0070330
Catalysis of the reduction of an aliphatic ring to yield an aromatic ring.
6 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) P11511 (/IDA) P22443 (/IDA) Q8JG18 (/IDA) Q8JG19 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase activity GO:0008123
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol + NADP+ + H2O.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Prostaglandin-I synthase activity GO:0008116
Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin I(2).
3 F1RE08 (/IDA) Q16647 (/IDA) Q62969 (/IDA)
Heme binding GO:0020037
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.
3 F1RE08 (/IDA) P11511 (/IDA) Q16647 (/IDA)
Cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase activity GO:0008123
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol + NADP+ + H2O.
2 P18125 (/IDA) Q64505 (/IDA)
Oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0008396
Catalysis of the reaction: an oxysterol + NADPH + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxylated oxysterol + NADP+ + H2O.
2 O75881 (/ISS) Q63688 (/ISS)
Oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0008396
Catalysis of the reaction: an oxysterol + NADPH + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxylated oxysterol + NADP+ + H2O.
2 O75881 (/TAS) Q63688 (/TAS)
Sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0008397
Catalysis of the reaction: a steroid + donor-H2 + O2 = 12-alpha-hydroxysteroid + H2O.
2 G3V8J2 (/IDA) Q9WVT5 (/IDA)
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen GO:0016712
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
2 P22443 (/IDA) P28649 (/IDA)
Oxygen binding GO:0019825
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with oxygen (O2).
2 P11511 (/TAS) Q9UNU6 (/TAS)
Heme binding GO:0020037
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.
2 O35074 (/ISO) P28649 (/ISO)
Aromatase activity GO:0070330
Catalysis of the reduction of an aliphatic ring to yield an aromatic ring.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Protein binding GO:0005515
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
1 Q16647 (/IPI)
Prostaglandin-I synthase activity GO:0008116
Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin I(2).
1 Q62969 (/IMP)
Prostaglandin-I synthase activity GO:0008116
Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin I(2).
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Prostaglandin-I synthase activity GO:0008116
Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin I(2).
1 Q16647 (/TAS)
Cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase activity GO:0008123
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol + NADP+ + H2O.
1 P22680 (/TAS)
Steroid hydroxylase activity GO:0008395
Catalysis of the formation of a hydroxyl group on a steroid by incorporation of oxygen from O2.
1 P11511 (/TAS)
Oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0008396
Catalysis of the reaction: an oxysterol + NADPH + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxylated oxysterol + NADP+ + H2O.
1 Q60991 (/IDA)
Oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0008396
Catalysis of the reaction: an oxysterol + NADPH + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxylated oxysterol + NADP+ + H2O.
1 Q60991 (/IMP)
Sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0008397
Catalysis of the reaction: a steroid + donor-H2 + O2 = 12-alpha-hydroxysteroid + H2O.
1 Q9UNU6 (/TAS)
Electron carrier activity GO:0009055
Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
1 P11511 (/TAS)
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen GO:0016712
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
1 P11511 (/TAS)
7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12alpha-hydroxylase activity GO:0033778
Catalysis of the reaction: 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one + H(2)O + NADP(+).
1 Q9UNU6 (/TAS)
Aromatase activity GO:0070330
Catalysis of the reduction of an aliphatic ring to yield an aromatic ring.
1 P28649 (/ISO)

There are 134 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0001516
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity GO:0032088
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway GO:0035360
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045019
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Positive regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045766
Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050728
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Cellular response to interleukin-1 GO:0071347
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Cellular response to interleukin-6 GO:0071354
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Cellular response to hypoxia GO:0071456
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis GO:1900119
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0006699
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0006699
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.
5 O75881 (/TAS) P18125 (/TAS) P22680 (/TAS) Q63688 (/TAS) Q9UNU6 (/TAS)
Estrogen biosynthetic process GO:0006703
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.
5 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) P22443 (/IDA) Q8JG18 (/IDA) Q8JG19 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Cholesterol catabolic process GO:0006707
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Cholesterol homeostasis GO:0042632
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cholesterol within an organism or cell.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0070857
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0071333
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P18125 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Cellular response to cholesterol GO:0071397
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Response to xenobiotic stimulus GO:0009410
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a xenobiotic compound stimulus. Xenobiotic compounds are compounds foreign to living organisms.
4 O02628 (/IGI) O16220 (/IGI) O44649 (/IGI) Q9N5I1 (/IGI)
Sterol metabolic process GO:0016125
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
4 O75881 (/TAS) P11511 (/TAS) P22680 (/TAS) Q9UNU6 (/TAS)
Prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0001516
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.
3 F1RE08 (/IDA) Q16647 (/IDA) Q62969 (/IDA)
Bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0006699
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.
3 P18125 (/IDA) P22680 (/IDA) Q60991 (/IDA)
Estrogen biosynthetic process GO:0006703
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Cholesterol catabolic process GO:0006707
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.
2 P18125 (/IDA) Q64505 (/IDA)
Brain development GO:0007420
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Memory GO:0007613
The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Androgen metabolic process GO:0008209
The chemical reactions and pathways involving androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.
2 P22443 (/IMP) P28649 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Response to xenobiotic stimulus GO:0009410
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a xenobiotic compound stimulus. Xenobiotic compounds are compounds foreign to living organisms.
2 O42145 (/IDA) Q5U870 (/IDA)
Tissue development GO:0009888
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Response to estradiol GO:0032355
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
2 O42145 (/IDA) Q5U870 (/IDA)
Social behavior GO:0035176
Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
B cell chemotaxis GO:0035754
The directed movement of a B cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
2 O75881 (/ISS) Q63688 (/ISS)
Response to drug GO:0042493
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
2 P22443 (/IEP) Q63688 (/IEP)
Response to aromatase inhibitor GO:0061477
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aromatase inhibitor stimulus.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0070857
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids.
2 P18125 (/IDA) P22680 (/IDA)
Cellular response to estradiol stimulus GO:0071392
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Regulation of organ morphogenesis GO:2000027
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of testosterone secretion GO:2000844
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone secretion.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of estradiol secretion GO:2000866
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IMP) Q92112 (/IMP)
Prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0001516
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0001516
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.
1 Q62969 (/TAS)
Luteinization GO:0001553
The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Response to hypoxia GO:0001666
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
1 Q62969 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response GO:0002677
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Icosanoid metabolic process GO:0006690
The chemical reactions and pathways involving icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
1 Q16647 (/TAS)
Steroid biosynthetic process GO:0006694
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification.
1 P11511 (/TAS)
Bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0006699
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.
1 Q64505 (/ISO)
Estrogen biosynthetic process GO:0006703
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.
1 P11511 (/TAS)
Androgen catabolic process GO:0006710
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.
1 P11511 (/IDA)
Androgen catabolic process GO:0006710
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.
1 P28649 (/ISO)
Embryo implantation GO:0007566
Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining.
1 O35074 (/IDA)
Digestion GO:0007586
The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
1 Q60991 (/TAS)
Memory GO:0007613
The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
1 Q63688 (/IDA)
Circadian rhythm GO:0007623
Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.
1 Q63688 (/IDA)
Cholesterol metabolic process GO:0008203
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. It is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues.
1 Q63688 (/TAS)
Bile acid metabolic process GO:0008206
The chemical reactions and pathways involving bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
C21-steroid hormone metabolic process GO:0008207
The chemical reactions and pathways involving C21-steroid hormones, steroid compounds containing 21 carbons which function as hormones.
1 P22443 (/IDA)
Male gonad development GO:0008584
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Female gonad development GO:0008585
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 P19098 (/IEP)
Female gonad development GO:0008585
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Female gonad development GO:0008585
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 Q6L706 (/NAS)
Response to herbicide GO:0009635
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a herbicide stimulus. Herbicides are chemicals used to kill or control the growth of plants.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Response to metal ion GO:0010038
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Response to cesium ion GO:0010164
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cesium stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Response to ionizing radiation GO:0010212
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis GO:0010760
Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Response to organic cyclic compound GO:0014070
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Biphenyl metabolic process GO:0018879
The chemical reactions and pathways involving biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process GO:0018894
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Phthalate metabolic process GO:0018963
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid diesters are used industrially in the production of a variety of household and consumer goods including plastic polymers, lubricating oils, and carriers for perfumes in cosmetics, while phthalic acid itself is used industrially as a plasticizer. Terephthalate is used in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (polyethene terephthlate, abbreviated PET or PETE), a plastic polymer with many commercial uses.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Regulation of lipid metabolic process GO:0019216
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids.
1 P22680 (/TAS)
Cyclooxygenase pathway GO:0019371
The chemical reactions and pathways by which prostaglandins are formed from arachidonic acid, and in which prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (cyclooxygenase) catalyzes the committed step in the conversion of arachidonic acid to the prostaglandin-endoperoxides PGG2 and PGH2.
1 Q16647 (/TAS)
Hippocampus development GO:0021766
The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Hypothalamus development GO:0021854
The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Melatonin metabolic process GO:0030186
The chemical reactions and pathways involving melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine).
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Adrenal gland development GO:0030325
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adrenal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Hyphal growth GO:0030448
Growth of fungi as threadlike, tubular structures that may contain multiple nuclei and may or may not be divided internally by septa, or cross-walls.
1 C8VF00 (/IMP)
Female genitalia development GO:0030540
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female genitalia over time, from formation to the mature structure.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Granulocyte differentiation GO:0030851
The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a granulocyte. Granulocytes are a class of leukocytes characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. These cells are active in allergic immune reactions such as arthritic inflammation and rashes. This class includes basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Mammary gland development GO:0030879
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity GO:0032088
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity GO:0032088
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Response to estradiol GO:0032355
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Negative regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway GO:0033147
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway.
1 Q60991 (/IMP)
Response to testosterone GO:0033574
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
NAD biosynthesis via nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway GO:0034356
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from the vitamin precursor nicotinamide riboside.
1 Q16647 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway GO:0035360
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway GO:0035360
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
B cell chemotaxis GO:0035754
The directed movement of a B cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
1 Q60991 (/IMP)
Cholesterol homeostasis GO:0042632
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cholesterol within an organism or cell.
1 P18125 (/IDA)
Response to morphine GO:0043278
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Response to estrogen GO:0043627
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
1 Q5U870 (/IDA)
Response to estrogen GO:0043627
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus GO:0044344
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an fibroblast growth factor stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045019
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045019
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Innate immune response GO:0045087
Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
1 O44649 (/IEP)
Positive regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045766
Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.
1 Q16647 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045766
Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Negative regulation of bone resorption GO:0045779
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption.
1 P22443 (/IMP)
Female sex differentiation GO:0046660
The establishment of the sex of a female organism by physical differentiation.
1 O42145 (/IMP)
Decidualization GO:0046697
The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta.
1 O35074 (/IDA)
Response to steroid hormone GO:0048545
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.
1 Q5U870 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation GO:0050679
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.
1 Q60991 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050728
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050728
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Regulation of synapse structure or activity GO:0050803
Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).
1 P22443 (/IMP)
Response to cAMP GO:0051591
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.
1 Q63688 (/IEP)
Uterus development GO:0060065
The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the uterus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Bone development GO:0060348
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of bone over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Bone is the hard skeletal connective tissue consisting of both mineral and cellular components.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Prostate gland growth GO:0060736
The increase in size or mass of the prostate gland where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the gland, from its formation to its mature state.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis GO:0060740
The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia of the prostate gland are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube.
1 Q60991 (/IMP)
Testosterone biosynthetic process GO:0061370
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of testosterone, an androgen having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4 C-5.
1 P28649 (/IMP)
Regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0070857
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids.
1 Q64505 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process GO:0070859
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids.
1 Q64505 (/TAS)
Cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0071333
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
1 P22680 (/IDA)
Cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0071333
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0071333
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
1 Q64505 (/ISO)
Cellular response to interleukin-1 GO:0071347
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.
1 Q16647 (/IEP)
Cellular response to interleukin-6 GO:0071354
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.
1 Q16647 (/IEP)
Cellular response to gonadotropin stimulus GO:0071371
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gonadotropin stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus GO:0071372
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Cellular response to cholesterol GO:0071397
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.
1 P18125 (/IDA)
Cellular response to hypoxia GO:0071456
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Cellular response to hypoxia GO:0071456
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Cellular response to hydrostatic pressure GO:0071464
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrostatic pressure stimulus. Hydrostatic pressure is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is at rest (as opposed to moving). The weight of the fluid above the object creates pressure on it.
1 P22443 (/IEP)
Apoptotic signaling pathway GO:0097190
A series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Apoptotic signaling pathway GO:0097190
A series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of blood vessel diameter GO:0097755
Any process that increases the diameter of blood vessels.
1 F1SBE5 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis GO:1900119
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis GO:1900119
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of estradiol secretion GO:2000866
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.
1 P11511 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of estradiol secretion GO:2000866
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.
1 P28649 (/ISO)

There are 28 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005783
The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Caveola GO:0005901
A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
16 D2GVP2 (/ISS) F1PZ83 (/ISS) F1SBE5 (/ISS) F6YMG4 (/ISS) F7ATG7 (/ISS) F7F0C0 (/ISS) G1NZM3 (/ISS) G1R5M7 (/ISS) G3HET1 (/ISS) G3UK90 (/ISS)
(6 more)
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane GO:0005789
The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.
5 O75881 (/TAS) P11511 (/TAS) P22680 (/TAS) Q16647 (/TAS) Q9UNU6 (/TAS)
Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle GO:0043231
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
5 O46491 (/ISS) P22680 (/ISS) P46634 (/ISS) P51542 (/ISS) Q64505 (/ISS)
Cell GO:0005623
The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.
4 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) Q8JG18 (/IDA) Q8JG19 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005783
The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
3 P11511 (/IDA) P22443 (/IDA) Q16647 (/IDA)
Neuronal cell body GO:0043025
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
3 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) P22443 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Terminal bouton GO:0043195
Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.
3 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) P22443 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Cell body GO:0044297
The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.
3 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) Q8JH69 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
2 O35074 (/IDA) Q16647 (/IDA)
Cytoplasm GO:0005737
All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
2 O35074 (/IDA) P22443 (/IDA)
Endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005783
The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
2 O35074 (/ISO) P28649 (/ISO)
Dendrite GO:0030425
A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
2 H0Z9H2 (/IDA) Q92112 (/IDA)
Extracellular space GO:0005615
That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
1 Q62969 (/IDA)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
1 P22443 (/IDA)
Caveola GO:0005901
A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
1 Q16647 (/IDA)
Caveola GO:0005901
A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
1 O35074 (/ISO)
Synaptic vesicle GO:0008021
A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.
1 P22443 (/IDA)
Membrane GO:0016020
A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
1 P11511 (/TAS)
Neuron projection GO:0043005
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
1 Q8JH69 (/IDA)
Dendritic spine GO:0043197
A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including \thin\, \stubby\, \mushroom\, and \branched\, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
1 P22443 (/IDA)
Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle GO:0043231
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
1 P18125 (/IDA)
Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle GO:0043231
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
1 Q60991 (/TAS)
Axon terminus GO:0043679
Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal button is a specialized region of it.
1 P22443 (/IDA)
Synapse GO:0045202
The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
1 P22443 (/IDA)