The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_3_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Leucine-rich Repeat Variant
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
« Back to all FunFams

FunFam 20: AP-2 complex subunit alpha

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 16 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Protein binding GO:0005515
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
14 D3ZUY8 (/IPI) O94973 (/IPI) O95782 (/IPI) O95782 (/IPI) O95782 (/IPI) P17426 (/IPI) P17427 (/IPI) P18484 (/IPI) Q0VCK5 (/IPI) Q22601 (/IPI)
(4 more)
Protein kinase binding GO:0019901
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
4 O94973 (/ISS) O95782 (/ISS) O95782 (/ISS) O95782 (/ISS)
Clathrin adaptor activity GO:0035615
Bringing together a cargo protein with clathrin, responsible for the formation of endocytic vesicles.
3 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
Low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding GO:0050750
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a low-density lipoprotein receptor.
3 O95782 (/IPI) O95782 (/IPI) O95782 (/IPI)
Protein C-terminus binding GO:0008022
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxyl function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
2 D3ZUY8 (/IPI) Q22601 (/IPI)
Protein kinase binding GO:0019901
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
2 P17426 (/IPI) P17427 (/IPI)
Protein-containing complex binding GO:0044877
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a macromolecular complex.
2 D3ZUY8 (/IPI) P18484 (/IPI)
Protein-containing complex binding GO:0044877
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a macromolecular complex.
2 P17426 (/ISO) P17427 (/ISO)
Protein C-terminus binding GO:0008022
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxyl function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Protein domain specific binding GO:0019904
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
1 P17427 (/IPI)
GTPase activating protein binding GO:0032794
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase activating protein.
1 Q22601 (/IPI)
Phosphatidylinositol binding GO:0035091
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
1 P18484 (/IMP)
Phosphatidylinositol binding GO:0035091
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
1 P17427 (/ISO)
Clathrin adaptor activity GO:0035615
Bringing together a cargo protein with clathrin, responsible for the formation of endocytic vesicles.
1 Q9C0W7 (/EXP)
Low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding GO:0050750
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a low-density lipoprotein receptor.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Disordered domain specific binding GO:0097718
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a disordered domain of a protein.
1 P17427 (/IPI)

There are 48 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis GO:0072583
An endocytosis process that begins when material is taken up into clathrin-coated pits, which then pinch off to form clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles.
6 O94973 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) P17426 (/IDA) P17427 (/IDA)
Protein localization GO:0008104
Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
4 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) Q22601 (/IMP)
Antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II GO:0019886
The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process GO:0032802
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a low-density lipoprotein particle receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Low-density lipoprotein particle clearance GO:0034383
The process in which a low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Ephrin receptor signaling pathway GO:0048013
The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Regulation of defense response to virus by virus GO:0050690
Any viral process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of the host cell or organism.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway GO:0060071
The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Membrane organization GO:0061024
A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis GO:0072583
An endocytosis process that begins when material is taken up into clathrin-coated pits, which then pinch off to form clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Intracellular protein transport GO:0006886
The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
3 O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS)
Golgi to endosome transport GO:0006895
The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to early sorting endosomes. Clathrin vesicles transport substances from the trans-Golgi to endosomes.
3 O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS)
Endocytosis GO:0006897
A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle.
3 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
Endocytosis GO:0006897
A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle.
3 O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS)
Asymmetric cell division GO:0008356
The asymmetric division of cells to produce two daughter cells with different developmental potentials. It is of fundamental significance for the generation of cell diversity.
3 P91926 (/TAS) P91926 (/TAS) P91926 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of autophagy GO:0010508
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.
3 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
Protein transport GO:0015031
The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
3 P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA)
Protein transport GO:0015031
The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
3 Q29N38 (/ISS) Q29N38 (/ISS) Q7QG73 (/ISS)
Regulation of endocytosis GO:0030100
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis.
3 P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA)
Ovarian follicle cell development GO:0030707
The process that occurs during oogenesis involving the ovarian follicle cells, somatic cells which surround the germ cells of an ovary. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
3 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of endocytosis GO:0045807
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis.
3 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
Synaptic vesicle endocytosis GO:0048488
A vesicle-mediated transport process, in which the synaptic vesicle membrane constituents are retrieved from the presynaptic membrane on the axon terminal after neurotransmitter secretion by exocytosis. Synaptic vesicle endocytosis can occur via clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent mechanisms.
3 P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA)
Synaptic vesicle endocytosis GO:0048488
A vesicle-mediated transport process, in which the synaptic vesicle membrane constituents are retrieved from the presynaptic membrane on the axon terminal after neurotransmitter secretion by exocytosis. Synaptic vesicle endocytosis can occur via clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent mechanisms.
3 Q29N38 (/ISS) Q29N38 (/ISS) Q7QG73 (/ISS)
Synaptic vesicle transport GO:0048489
The directed movement of synaptic vesicles.
3 P91926 (/TAS) P91926 (/TAS) P91926 (/TAS)
Negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process GO:1900126
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process.
3 O95782 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process GO:1900126
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process.
3 O95782 (/IMP) O95782 (/IMP) O95782 (/IMP)
Mitotic cleavage furrow ingression GO:1990386
Advancement of the mitotic cleavage furrow from the outside of the cell inward towards the center of the cell. The cleavage furrow acts as a 'purse string' which draws tight to separate daughter cells during mitotic cytokinesis and partition the cytoplasm between the two daughter cells. The furrow ingresses until a cytoplasmic bridge is formed.
3 P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
Intracellular protein transport GO:0006886
The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
2 P17426 (/TAS) P17427 (/TAS)
Vesicle-mediated transport GO:0016192
A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
2 P17426 (/TAS) P17427 (/TAS)
Intracellular protein transport GO:0006886
The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
1 Q9C0W7 (/IC)
Receptor-mediated endocytosis GO:0006898
An endocytosis process in which cell surface receptors ensure specificity of transport. A specific receptor on the cell surface binds tightly to the extracellular macromolecule (the ligand) that it recognizes; the plasma-membrane region containing the receptor-ligand complex then undergoes endocytosis, forming a transport vesicle containing the receptor-ligand complex and excluding most other plasma-membrane proteins. Receptor-mediated endocytosis generally occurs via clathrin-coated pits and vesicles.
1 Q22601 (/IMP)
Hypotonic response GO:0006971
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hypotonic environment, i.e. an environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the organism or cell.
1 Q86KI1 (/IMP)
Embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching GO:0009792
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell.
1 Q22601 (/IMP)
Dorsal/ventral axis specification GO:0009950
The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.
1 X1WD71 (/IMP)
Dorsal/ventral pattern formation GO:0009953
The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.
1 X1WD71 (/IMP)
Cellular water homeostasis GO:0009992
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water within a cell.
1 Q86KI1 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of neuron projection development GO:0010976
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
1 D3ZUY8 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of neuron projection development GO:0010976
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Neutrophil degranulation GO:0043312
The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as proteases, lipases, and inflammatory mediators by a neutrophil.
1 O94973 (/TAS)
Positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis GO:0048260
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport.
1 D3ZUY8 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis GO:0048260
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Clathrin coat assembly GO:0048268
The process that results in the assembly of clathrin triskelia into the ordered structure known as a clathrin cage.
1 Q0VCK5 (/IC)
Hematopoietic stem cell differentiation GO:0060218
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hematopoietic stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.
1 X1WD71 (/IMP)
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis GO:0072583
An endocytosis process that begins when material is taken up into clathrin-coated pits, which then pinch off to form clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles.
1 Q9C0W7 (/EXP)
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis GO:0072583
An endocytosis process that begins when material is taken up into clathrin-coated pits, which then pinch off to form clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles.
1 Q22601 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process GO:1900126
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process GO:1900126
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process.
1 P17426 (/ISS)
Regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation GO:1902036
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation.
1 P17427 (/NAS)

There are 49 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
AP-2 adaptor complex GO:0030122
A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).
8 O94973 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) O95782 (/IDA) P17426 (/IDA) P17427 (/IDA) Q0VCK5 (/IDA) Q86KI1 (/IDA)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
7 P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA) Q22601 (/IDA) Q86KI1 (/IDA) Q8LPK4 (/IDA) Q8LPL6 (/IDA)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
5 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) P18484 (/TAS)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
AP-2 adaptor complex GO:0030122
A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).
4 P18484 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP) P91926 (/IMP)
AP-2 adaptor complex GO:0030122
A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Endocytic vesicle membrane GO:0030666
The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane GO:0030669
The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Endolysosome membrane GO:0036020
The lipid bilayer surrounding an endolysosome. An endolysosome is a transient hybrid organelle formed by fusion of a late endosome with a lysosome.
4 O94973 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS) O95782 (/TAS)
Clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle GO:0045334
A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance.
4 O94973 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
3 P91926 (/HDA) P91926 (/HDA) P91926 (/HDA)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
3 Q29N38 (/ISS) Q29N38 (/ISS) Q7QG73 (/ISS)
Clathrin-coated pit GO:0005905
A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes.
3 P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA) P91926 (/IDA)
Clathrin-coated pit GO:0005905
A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes.
3 Q29N38 (/ISS) Q29N38 (/ISS) Q7QG73 (/ISS)
Membrane GO:0016020
A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
3 O95782 (/HDA) O95782 (/HDA) O95782 (/HDA)
AP-2 adaptor complex GO:0030122
A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).
3 O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS)
Clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle GO:0030130
A clathrin coat found on a vesicle of the trans-Golgi network.
3 O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS) O95782 (/NAS)
Membrane coat GO:0030117
Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules.
2 P17426 (/IDA) P17427 (/IDA)
Clathrin-coated vesicle GO:0030136
A vesicle with a coat formed of clathrin connected to the membrane via one of the clathrin adaptor complexes.
2 D3ZUY8 (/IDA) Q86KI1 (/IDA)
Secretory granule GO:0030141
A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.
2 P17426 (/TAS) P17427 (/TAS)
Contractile vacuole GO:0000331
A specialized vacuole of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. Its function is probably osmoregulatory.
1 Q86KI1 (/IDA)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
1 Q9C0W7 (/HDA)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
1 Q9C0W7 (/HDA)
Clathrin-coated pit GO:0005905
A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes.
1 Q9C0W7 (/EXP)
Cell cortex GO:0005938
The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
1 Q9C0W7 (/HDA)
Synaptic vesicle GO:0008021
A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.
1 P18484 (/IDA)
Synaptic vesicle GO:0008021
A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.
1 P17427 (/ISO)
Membrane GO:0016020
A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
1 Q8LPL6 (/IDA)
Basolateral plasma membrane GO:0016323
The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
1 D3ZUY8 (/IDA)
Basolateral plasma membrane GO:0016323
The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Apical plasma membrane GO:0016324
The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.
1 D3ZUY8 (/IDA)
Apical plasma membrane GO:0016324
The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
AP-2 adaptor complex GO:0030122
A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).
1 Q9C0W7 (/EXP)
AP-2 adaptor complex GO:0030122
A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).
1 P17427 (/ISO)
Clathrin coat of coated pit GO:0030132
The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex.
1 Q86KI1 (/IDA)
Clathrin-coated vesicle GO:0030136
A vesicle with a coat formed of clathrin connected to the membrane via one of the clathrin adaptor complexes.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Endocytic vesicle GO:0030139
A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.
1 Q22601 (/IDA)
Secretory granule membrane GO:0030667
The lipid bilayer surrounding a secretory granule.
1 O94973 (/TAS)
Cytoplasmic vesicle GO:0031410
A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.
1 P17427 (/IDA)
Cytoplasmic vesicle GO:0031410
A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.
1 O94973 (/ISS)
Cell division site GO:0032153
The eventual plane of cell division (also known as cell cleavage or cytokinesis) in a dividing cell. In Eukaryotes, the cleavage apparatus, composed of septin structures and the actomyosin contractile ring, forms along this plane, and the mitotic, or meiotic, spindle is aligned perpendicular to the division plane. In bacteria, the cell division site is generally located at mid-cell and is the site at which the cytoskeletal structure, the Z-ring, assembles.
1 Q9C0W7 (/IDA)
Filopodium tip GO:0032433
The end of a filopodium distal to the body of the cell.
1 P17426 (/IDA)
Protein-containing complex GO:0032991
A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
1 D3ZUY8 (/IDA)
Protein-containing complex GO:0032991
A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
1 P17426 (/ISO)
Presynaptic periactive zone GO:0036062
A region that surrounds the active zone of the presynaptic plasma membrane, and is specialized for the control of synaptic development.
1 Q22601 (/IDA)
Synapse GO:0045202
The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
1 Q22601 (/IDA)
Clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle GO:0045334
A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance.
1 Q22601 (/IDA)
Cell cortex of cell tip GO:0051285
The region directly beneath the plasma membrane at the cell tip. The cell tip is the region at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell.
1 Q9C0W7 (/IDA)
Ficolin-1-rich granule membrane GO:0101003
The lipid bilayer surrounding a ficolin-1-rich granule.
1 O94973 (/TAS)