The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.

The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code).

The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as proteases, lipases, and inflammatory mediators by a neutrophil.

The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-amyloid, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease, and its precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP).

The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-amyloid, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease, and its precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP).

The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space.

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

Any membrane-enclosed lumen that is part of a ficolin-1-rich granule.