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CATH Superfamily 3.40.30.10

Glutaredoxin

The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_2_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Glutaredoxin
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 79823: Thiol:disulfide interchange protein DsbE

There are 5 EC terms in this cluster

Please note: EC annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

Note: The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.

EC Term Annotations Evidence
Peroxiredoxin. [EC: 1.11.1.15]
2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H(2)O + ROH.
  • Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of antioxidant proteins.
  • They can be divided into three classes: typical 2-Cys, atypical 2-Cys and 1-Cys peroxiredoxins.
  • The peroxidase reaction comprises two steps centered around a redox- active cysteine called the peroxidatic cysteine.
  • All three peroxiredoxin classes have the first step in common, in which the peroxidatic cysteine attacks the peroxide substrate and is oxidized to S-hydroxycysteine (a sulfenic acid).
  • The second step of the peroxidase reaction, the regeneration of cysteine from S-hydroxycysteine, distinguishes the three peroxiredoxin classes.
  • For typical 2-Cys Prxs, in the second step, the peroxidatic S-hydroxycysteine from one subunit is attacked by the 'resolving' cysteine located in the C-terminus of the second subunit, to form an intersubunit disulfide bond, which is then reduced by one of several cell-specific thiol-containing reductants (R'-SH) (e.g. thioredoxin, AhpF, tryparedoxin or AhpD), completing the catalytic cycle.
  • In the atypical 2-Cys Prxs, both the peroxidatic cysteine and its resolving cysteine are in the same polypeptide, so their reaction forms an intrachain disulfide bond.
  • To recycle the disulfide, known atypical 2-Cys Prxs appear to use thioredoxin as an electron donor.
  • The 1-Cys Prxs conserve only the peroxidatic cysteine, so that its oxidized form is directly reduced to cysteine by the reductant molecule.
 20 A0A0B4RC91 A0A0B4RC91 A0A0B4RCR1 A0A0B4RCR1 A0A0B5AHH8 A0A0B5AHH8 A0A0B5ARU2 A0A0B5ARU2 A0A0C2VJB0 A0A0C2VJB0
(10 more...)
Protein-disulfide reductase (glutathione). [EC: 1.8.4.2]
2 glutathione + protein-disulfide = glutathione disulfide + protein- dithiol.
  • Reduces insulin and some other proteins.
 18 A0A0D7XRN4 A0A0D7XRN4 A0A0E1LR65 A0A0E1LR65 A0A0U0D1B5 A0A0U0D1B5 A0A142F608 A0A142F608 A0A1L3PUX0 A0A1L3PUX0
(8 more...)
DNA ligase (NAD(+)). [EC: 6.5.1.2]
NAD(+) + (deoxyribonucleotide)(n)-3'-hydroxyl + 5'-phospho- (deoxyribonucleotide)(m) = (deoxyribonucleotide)(n+m) + AMP + beta- nicotinamide D-nucleotide.
  • The enzyme, typically found in bacteria, catalyzes the ligation of DNA strands with 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate termini, forming a phosphodiester and sealing certain types of single-strand breaks in duplex DNA.
  • Catalysis occurs by a three-step mechanism, starting with the activation of the enzyme by NAD(+), forming a phosphoramide bond between adenylate and a lysine residue.
  • The adenylate group is then transferred to the 5'-phosphate terminus of the substrate, forming the capped structure 5'-(5'-diphosphoadenosine)-(DNA).
  • Finally, the enzyme catalyzes a nucleophilic attack of the 3'-OH terminus on the capped terminus, which results in formation of the phosphodiester bond and release of the adenylate.
  • RNA can also act as substrate, to some extent.
  • Cf. EC 6.5.1.1, EC 6.5.1.6, and EC 6.5.1.7.
 10 A0A0D0IHW7 A0A0D0IHW7 A0A0E1SPW6 A0A0E1SPW6 A0A0H3PEI8 A0A0H3PEI8 A4NWI2 A4NWI2 P45038 P45038
3(or 17)-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. [EC: 1.1.1.51]
Testosterone + NAD(P)(+) = androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + NAD(P)H.
  • Also acts on other 3-beta- or 17-beta-hydroxysteroids (cf. EC 1.1.1.209).
 2 U2XUP7 U2XUP7
Protein disulfide-isomerase. [EC: 5.3.4.1]
Catalyzes the rearrangement of -S-S- bonds in proteins.
  • Needs reducing agents or partly reduced enzyme; the reaction depends on sulfhydryl-disulfide interchange.
 2 D5BRU2 D5BRU2