The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_3_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Periplasmic binding protein-like II
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.
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FunFam 1: Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2

Please note: GO annotations are assigned to the full protein sequence rather than individual protein domains. Since a given protein can contain multiple domains, it is possible that some of the annotations below come from additional domains that occur in the same protein, but have been classified elsewhere in CATH.

There are 94 GO terms relating to "molecular function"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Protein binding GO:0005515
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
38 B1AS29 (/IPI) P19490 (/IPI) P19491 (/IPI) P19492 (/IPI) P19493 (/IPI) P22756 (/IPI) P23818 (/IPI) P23819 (/IPI) P39087 (/IPI) P42260 (/IPI)
(28 more)
AMPA glutamate receptor activity GO:0004971
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.
24 P23818 (/ISS) P23819 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS)
(14 more)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor activity GO:0015277
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
24 P19491 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) P39086 (/IDA) P39086 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) Q03445 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA)
(14 more)
Amyloid-beta binding GO:0001540
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with amyloid-beta peptide/protein and/or its precursor.
23 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS)
(13 more)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity GO:0004970
Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
22 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA)
(12 more)
AMPA glutamate receptor activity GO:0004971
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.
16 P19491 (/TAS) P19493 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(6 more)
Amyloid-beta binding GO:0001540
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with amyloid-beta peptide/protein and/or its precursor.
15 P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS)
(5 more)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor activity GO:0015277
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
14 P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS)
(4 more)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity GO:0004970
Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
13 B1AS29 (/ISS) P48058 (/ISS) Q13003 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU5 (/ISS) Q38PU7 (/ISS)
(3 more)
AMPA glutamate receptor activity GO:0004971
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.
13 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42263 (/IDA)
(3 more)
Extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity GO:0005234
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
12 Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP)
(2 more)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor activity GO:0015277
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
10 P23819 (/ISS) Q0E8N6 (/ISS) Q38PU7 (/ISS) Q38PU7 (/ISS) Q5R4M0 (/ISS) Q8MQM7 (/ISS) Q8MS48 (/ISS) Q9V4E9 (/ISS) Q9VDH5 (/ISS) Q9VDH5 (/ISS)
Transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential GO:1904315
Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.
8 F7AGW3 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q9Z2W8 (/IDA) Q9Z2W9 (/IDA)
Transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential GO:1904315
Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.
8 P19491 (/IMP) P23818 (/IMP) P23819 (/IMP) P39087 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP) Q9Z2W8 (/IMP) Q9Z2W9 (/IMP)
Glutamate receptor activity GO:0008066
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
7 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) Q13003 (/TAS)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity GO:0004970
Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
6 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor activity GO:0015277
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
6 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
PDZ domain binding GO:0030165
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
6 P19490 (/IPI) P19491 (/IPI) P19492 (/IPI) P42260 (/IPI) Q63273 (/IPI) Q63273 (/IPI)
PDZ domain binding GO:0030165
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
6 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
PDZ domain binding GO:0030165
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
6 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS)
Identical protein binding GO:0042802
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
6 P19490 (/IPI) P19491 (/IPI) P19493 (/IPI) P42260 (/IPI) Q63273 (/IPI) Q63273 (/IPI)
Identical protein binding GO:0042802
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
6 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO)
Adenylate cyclase inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity GO:0001640
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex to inhibit downstream adenylate cyclase activity.
5 Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS)
AMPA glutamate receptor activity GO:0004971
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.
4 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity GO:0005230
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
4 A0A0S0WIE7 (/ISS) M9PHV5 (/ISS) Q9TVG7 (/ISS) Q9VSV5 (/ISS)
Extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity GO:0005234
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
4 P39087 (/ISS) P42260 (/ISS) Q38PU3 (/ISS) Q38PU3 (/ISS)
Glutamate receptor activity GO:0008066
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
4 P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Glutamate receptor activity GO:0008066
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
4 B1AS29 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor activity GO:0015277
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
4 P39087 (/IGI) Q60934 (/IGI) Q61626 (/IGI) Q61626 (/IGI)
Transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential GO:1904315
Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.
4 F7AGW3 (/EXP) P39087 (/EXP) Q61626 (/EXP) Q61626 (/EXP)
Amyloid-beta binding GO:0001540
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with amyloid-beta peptide/protein and/or its precursor.
3 P19490 (/IPI) P19491 (/IPI) P19492 (/IPI)
Amyloid-beta binding GO:0001540
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with amyloid-beta peptide/protein and/or its precursor.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity GO:0004970
Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
2 P39087 (/IMP) P42264 (/IMP)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity GO:0004970
Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
2 P19491 (/TAS) P42260 (/TAS)
Extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity GO:0005234
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
2 P22756 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA)
Extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity GO:0005234
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
2 P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor activity GO:0015277
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
2 P39087 (/IMP) Q60934 (/IMP)
SH3 domain binding GO:0017124
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins.
2 Q63273 (/IMP) Q63273 (/IMP)
SH3 domain binding GO:0017124
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins.
2 Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Immunoglobulin binding GO:0019865
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an immunoglobulin.
2 P19490 (/IPI) P19491 (/IPI)
Immunoglobulin binding GO:0019865
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an immunoglobulin.
2 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO)
Protein kinase binding GO:0019901
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
2 P19490 (/IPI) P19491 (/IPI)
Protein kinase binding GO:0019901
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
2 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO)
Glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity GO:0022849
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
2 Q9VDH5 (/IMP) Q9VDH5 (/IMP)
Protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
2 P22756 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA)
Protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
2 P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO)
Ligand-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential GO:0099507
Any ligand-gated ion channel activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential.
2 B1AS29 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA)
Ligand-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential GO:0099507
Any ligand-gated ion channel activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential.
2 B1AS29 (/IMP) P39087 (/IMP)
SNARE binding GO:0000149
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
1 P19491 (/IPI)
SNARE binding GO:0000149
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Adenylate cyclase inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity GO:0001640
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex to inhibit downstream adenylate cyclase activity.
1 Q13003 (/IDA)
Adenylate cyclase inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity GO:0001640
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex to inhibit downstream adenylate cyclase activity.
1 B1AS29 (/ISO)
G-protein alpha-subunit binding GO:0001965
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein alpha subunit. The alpha subunit binds a guanine nucleotide.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
G-protein alpha-subunit binding GO:0001965
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein alpha subunit. The alpha subunit binds a guanine nucleotide.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
AMPA glutamate receptor activity GO:0004971
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.
1 P19493 (/IMP)
Protein C-terminus binding GO:0008022
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxyl function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
Protein C-terminus binding GO:0008022
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxyl function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Cytoskeletal protein binding GO:0008092
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton).
1 P19491 (/IPI)
Cytoskeletal protein binding GO:0008092
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton).
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Drug binding GO:0008144
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
1 P22756 (/IDA)
Drug binding GO:0008144
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
Adenylate cyclase binding GO:0008179
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme adenylate cyclase.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Adenylate cyclase binding GO:0008179
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme adenylate cyclase.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Glutamate binding GO:0016595
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.
1 P22756 (/IDA)
Glutamate binding GO:0016595
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
Protein domain specific binding GO:0019904
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
Protein domain specific binding GO:0019904
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Voltage-gated cation channel activity GO:0022843
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a voltage-gated channel. A cation is a positively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.
1 P22756 (/IMP)
Voltage-gated cation channel activity GO:0022843
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a voltage-gated channel. A cation is a positively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
PDZ domain binding GO:0030165
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
1 P19491 (/IDA)
Small GTPase binding GO:0031267
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small monomeric GTPase.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
Small GTPase binding GO:0031267
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small monomeric GTPase.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Myosin V binding GO:0031489
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a class V myosin; myosin V is a dimeric molecule involved in intracellular transport.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
Myosin V binding GO:0031489
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a class V myosin; myosin V is a dimeric molecule involved in intracellular transport.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding GO:0031624
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, any of the E2 proteins.
1 P42260 (/IPI)
Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding GO:0031624
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, any of the E2 proteins.
1 P39087 (/ISO)
Ubiquitin protein ligase binding GO:0031625
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.
1 P42260 (/IPI)
Ubiquitin protein ligase binding GO:0031625
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.
1 P39087 (/ISO)
G-protein beta-subunit binding GO:0031681
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein beta subunit.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
G-protein beta-subunit binding GO:0031681
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein beta subunit.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor binding GO:0031698
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a beta-2 adrenergic receptor.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor binding GO:0031698
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a beta-2 adrenergic receptor.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Signaling receptor activity GO:0038023
Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
1 P19491 (/IDA)
Signaling receptor activity GO:0038023
Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Identical protein binding GO:0042802
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
1 P42260 (/IDA)
Protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
1 P19490 (/TAS)
Protein kinase A binding GO:0051018
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any subunit of protein kinase A.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Protein kinase A binding GO:0051018
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any subunit of protein kinase A.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
ATPase binding GO:0051117
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP.
1 P19491 (/IPI)
ATPase binding GO:0051117
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Scaffold protein binding GO:0097110
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a scaffold protein. Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes.
1 P19490 (/IPI)
Scaffold protein binding GO:0097110
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a scaffold protein. Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration GO:0099583
Any neurotransmitter receptor activity that is involved in regulating the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.
1 P23818 (/IMP)
Transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential GO:1904315
Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.
1 P23819 (/ISO)

There are 137 GO terms relating to "biological process"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268
The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
36 P19493 (/TAS) P22756 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
(26 more)
Regulation of NMDA receptor activity GO:2000310
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity.
24 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(14 more)
Signal transduction GO:0007165
The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
20 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(10 more)
Glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0007215
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of glutamate to a glutamate receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
18 P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) P42263 (/TAS) P42263 (/TAS) P42263 (/TAS) P48058 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS)
(8 more)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0035235
A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
15 P22756 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA) P42262 (/IDA)
(5 more)
Synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0035249
The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
14 P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(4 more)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission GO:0050806
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.
14 P19490 (/IMP) P19491 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP)
(4 more)
Regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048172
A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity.
13 P39087 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP) Q13002 (/IMP)
(3 more)
Modulation of chemical synaptic transmission GO:0050804
Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission.
13 P19490 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA) Q13002 (/IDA)
(3 more)
Endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport GO:0006888
The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.
6 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
COPII vesicle coating GO:0048208
The addition of COPII proteins and adaptor proteins to ER membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.
6 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
Regulation of synaptic activity GO:0060025
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic activity, the controlled release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft and their subsequent detection by a postsynaptic cell.
6 Q0E8N6 (/ISS) Q8MQM7 (/ISS) Q8MS48 (/ISS) Q9V4E9 (/ISS) Q9VDH5 (/ISS) Q9VDH5 (/ISS)
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0007216
A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, and proceeding with the activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
5 Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS) Q38PU2 (/ISS)
Chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268
The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
5 P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO)
Nervous system development GO:0007399
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
5 A0A0R4ING5 (/IMP) B0V2X4 (/IMP) B3DH66 (/IMP) P22756 (/IMP) Q71E63 (/IMP)
Cation transport GO:0006812
The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
4 A0A0S0WIE7 (/ISS) M9PHV5 (/ISS) Q9TVG7 (/ISS) Q9VSV5 (/ISS)
Chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268
The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
4 P19491 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Neural crest cell development GO:0014032
The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
4 A0A0R4ING5 (/IMP) B0V2X4 (/IMP) B3DH66 (/IMP) Q71E63 (/IMP)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0035235
A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
4 P19491 (/ISS) Q38PU7 (/ISS) Q38PU7 (/ISS) Q5R4M0 (/ISS)
Synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0035249
The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
4 P39087 (/IMP) Q60934 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP)
Regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
4 P39087 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA) Q13003 (/IDA) Q60934 (/IDA)
Embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis GO:0048701
The process in which the anatomical structures of the cranial skeleton are generated and organized during the embryonic phase.
4 A0A0R4ING5 (/IMP) B0V2X4 (/IMP) B3DH66 (/IMP) Q71E63 (/IMP)
Anterior lateral line development GO:0048899
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The anterior lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The anterior lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear.
4 A0A0R4ING5 (/IMP) B0V2X4 (/IMP) B3DH66 (/IMP) Q71E63 (/IMP)
Posterior lateral line system development GO:0048915
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.
4 A0A0R4ING5 (/IMP) B0V2X4 (/IMP) B3DH66 (/IMP) Q71E63 (/IMP)
Excitatory postsynaptic potential GO:0060079
A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
4 P39087 (/IMP) Q60934 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP)
Response to fungicide GO:0060992
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fungicide stimulus. Fungicides are chemicals used to kill fungi.
4 P19490 (/IEP) P19491 (/IEP) P19492 (/IEP) P19493 (/IEP)
Regulation of receptor recycling GO:0001919
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of receptor recycling.
3 P19490 (/IMP) P19491 (/IMP) P19492 (/IMP)
Regulation of receptor recycling GO:0001919
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of receptor recycling.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268
The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
3 P19493 (/IMP) P39087 (/IMP) P42260 (/IMP)
Response to lithium ion GO:0010226
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
3 P19490 (/IEP) P19491 (/IEP) P19492 (/IEP)
Synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0035249
The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
3 Q60934 (/IGI) Q8MQM7 (/IGI) Q9V4E9 (/IGI)
Regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
3 P39087 (/IGI) Q61626 (/IGI) Q61626 (/IGI)
Receptor clustering GO:0043113
The receptor metabolic process that results in grouping of a set of receptors at a cellular location, often to amplify the sensitivity of a signaling response.
3 P42260 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Receptor clustering GO:0043113
The receptor metabolic process that results in grouping of a set of receptors at a cellular location, often to amplify the sensitivity of a signaling response.
3 P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043525
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.
3 P42260 (/IMP) Q63273 (/IMP) Q63273 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043525
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.
3 P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Modulation of chemical synaptic transmission GO:0050804
Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission GO:0050806
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO)
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051967
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
3 P22756 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051967
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
3 B1AS29 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO)
Protein retention in ER lumen GO:0006621
The retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen of soluble resident proteins. Sorting receptors retrieve proteins with ER localization signals, such as KDEL and HDEL sequences or some transmembrane domains, that have escaped to the cis-Golgi network and return them to the ER. Abnormally folded proteins and unassembled subunits are also selectively retained in the ER.
2 Q63273 (/IMP) Q63273 (/IMP)
Protein retention in ER lumen GO:0006621
The retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen of soluble resident proteins. Sorting receptors retrieve proteins with ER localization signals, such as KDEL and HDEL sequences or some transmembrane domains, that have escaped to the cis-Golgi network and return them to the ER. Abnormally folded proteins and unassembled subunits are also selectively retained in the ER.
2 Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268
The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
2 P23818 (/IGI) P39087 (/IGI)
Nervous system development GO:0007399
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
2 P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS)
Central nervous system development GO:0007417
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the central nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord.
2 P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS)
Long-term memory GO:0007616
The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information a long time (typically weeks, months or years) after receiving that information. This type of memory is typically dependent on gene transcription regulated by second messenger activation.
2 P19490 (/IMP) P23818 (/IMP)
Regulation of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell GO:0016057
Hyperpolarization (vertebrates) or depolarization (invertebrates) of the photoreceptor cell membrane via closing/opening of cation specific channels as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon.
2 Q8MQM7 (/IGI) Q9V4E9 (/IGI)
Regulation of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell GO:0016057
Hyperpolarization (vertebrates) or depolarization (invertebrates) of the photoreceptor cell membrane via closing/opening of cation specific channels as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon.
2 Q8MQM7 (/IMP) Q9V4E9 (/IMP)
Neuronal action potential GO:0019228
An action potential that occurs in a neuron.
2 P19490 (/IMP) P39087 (/IMP)
Receptor internalization GO:0031623
A receptor-mediated endocytosis process that results in the movement of receptors from the plasma membrane to the inside of the cell. The process begins when cell surface receptors are monoubiquitinated following ligand-induced activation. Receptors are subsequently taken up into endocytic vesicles from where they are either targeted to the lysosome or vacuole for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane.
2 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA)
Receptor internalization GO:0031623
A receptor-mediated endocytosis process that results in the movement of receptors from the plasma membrane to the inside of the cell. The process begins when cell surface receptors are monoubiquitinated following ligand-induced activation. Receptors are subsequently taken up into endocytic vesicles from where they are either targeted to the lysosome or vacuole for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane.
2 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO)
Regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane GO:0031630
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane.
2 Q61626 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0035235
A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
2 P23819 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO)
Regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
2 P39087 (/IMP) Q60934 (/IMP)
Regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048172
A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity.
2 P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO)
Establishment of localization in cell GO:0051649
Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation.
2 Q63273 (/IMP) Q63273 (/IMP)
Establishment of localization in cell GO:0051649
Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation.
2 Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051966
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
2 P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS)
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051967
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
2 P39087 (/IGI) Q60934 (/IGI)
Excitatory postsynaptic potential GO:0060079
A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
2 P39087 (/IGI) Q60934 (/IGI)
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential GO:0060080
A process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential.
2 P39087 (/IGI) Q60934 (/IGI)
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential GO:0060080
A process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential.
2 P39087 (/IMP) Q60934 (/IMP)
Cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0071333
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
2 Q63273 (/IEP) Q63273 (/IEP)
Cellular response to light intensity GO:0071484
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light intensity stimulus.
2 Q8MQM7 (/IMP) Q9V4E9 (/IMP)
Optomotor response GO:0071632
Eye, head or whole body movements that help to compensate movements of the environment in order to stabilize its image on the retina. In the case of whole body movements, these motor actions may also stabilize a locomotor course in response to some disturbance. Examples include: the optokinetic reflex, which allows human eyes to follow objects in motion while the head remains stationary reflex; the optomotor responses of flying insects and swimming fish.
2 Q8MQM7 (/IMP) Q9V4E9 (/IMP)
Calcium ion import across plasma membrane GO:0098703
The directed movement of calcium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.
2 Q9VDH5 (/IMP) Q9VDH5 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission GO:1900075
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission.
2 Q9VDH5 (/IMP) Q9VDH5 (/IMP)
Conditioned taste aversion GO:0001661
A conditioned aversion to a specific chemical compound as a result of that compound being coupled with a noxious stimulus.
1 Q90855 (/IDA)
Behavioral fear response GO:0001662
An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.
1 P39087 (/IMP)
Cation transport GO:0006812
The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
1 Q03445 (/IDA)
Cellular calcium ion homeostasis GO:0006874
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.
1 P39087 (/IMP)
Glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0007215
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of glutamate to a glutamate receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 Q13003 (/IDA)
Glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0007215
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of glutamate to a glutamate receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 B1AS29 (/ISO)
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0007216
A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, and proceeding with the activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 Q13003 (/IDA)
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0007216
A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, and proceeding with the activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
1 B1AS29 (/ISO)
Chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268
The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
1 P42264 (/NAS)
Nervous system development GO:0007399
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
Memory GO:0007613
The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
1 Q90855 (/IDA)
Long-term memory GO:0007616
The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information a long time (typically weeks, months or years) after receiving that information. This type of memory is typically dependent on gene transcription regulated by second messenger activation.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Response to toxic substance GO:0009636
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.
1 P19490 (/IMP)
Response to toxic substance GO:0009636
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion GO:0014054
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
1 Q60934 (/IMP)
Response to organic cyclic compound GO:0014070
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Neuronal action potential GO:0019228
An action potential that occurs in a neuron.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Spinal cord development GO:0021510
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spinal cord primarily conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses between the brain and the peripheral nervous tissues.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Adult behavior GO:0030534
Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.
1 Q60934 (/IMP)
Receptor internalization GO:0031623
A receptor-mediated endocytosis process that results in the movement of receptors from the plasma membrane to the inside of the cell. The process begins when cell surface receptors are monoubiquitinated following ligand-induced activation. Receptors are subsequently taken up into endocytic vesicles from where they are either targeted to the lysosome or vacuole for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane.
1 P23818 (/IMP)
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic GO:0032229
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
1 P22756 (/IDA)
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic GO:0032229
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic GO:0032230
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
1 P22756 (/IDA)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic GO:0032230
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
1 Q60934 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic GO:0032230
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
Response to estradiol GO:0032355
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0035249
The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
1 P19490 (/NAS)
Response to cocaine GO:0042220
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
1 B1AS29 (/ISO)
Regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
1 Q13003 (/ISS)
Response to drug GO:0042493
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Response to peptide hormone GO:0043434
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
1 P39087 (/IGI)
Establishment of protein localization GO:0045184
The directed movement of a protein to a specific location.
1 P19491 (/IMP)
Establishment of protein localization GO:0045184
The directed movement of a protein to a specific location.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Positive regulation of membrane potential GO:0045838
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
1 P19490 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of membrane potential GO:0045838
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Regulation of JNK cascade GO:0046328
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.
1 P42260 (/IMP)
Regulation of JNK cascade GO:0046328
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.
1 P39087 (/ISO)
Response to arsenic-containing substance GO:0046685
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0048167
A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.
1 P19490 (/IMP)
Regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0048167
A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0048167
A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.
1 P19490 (/NAS)
Regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0048167
A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.
1 P22756 (/TAS)
Regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048169
A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers.
1 P39087 (/IMP)
Regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048169
A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers.
1 Q60934 (/TAS)
Regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048172
A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity.
1 P22756 (/IDA)
Regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048172
A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity.
1 Q60934 (/TAS)
Behavioral response to pain GO:0048266
Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli.
1 Q60934 (/IMP)
Regulation of synapse structure or activity GO:0050803
Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).
1 P19493 (/TAS)
Modulation of chemical synaptic transmission GO:0050804
Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission.
1 P19493 (/IMP)
Protein tetramerization GO:0051262
The formation of a protein tetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.
1 P19491 (/IDA)
Protein tetramerization GO:0051262
The formation of a protein tetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Neuron apoptotic process GO:0051402
Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
1 P42260 (/IMP)
Neuron apoptotic process GO:0051402
Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
1 P39087 (/ISO)
Response to electrical stimulus GO:0051602
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Membrane depolarization GO:0051899
The process in which membrane potential decreases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more positive potential. For example, the initial depolarization during the rising phase of an action potential is in the direction from the negative steady-state resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.
1 Q60934 (/IMP)
Regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051966
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
1 P19491 (/IMP)
Regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051966
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051967
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
1 Q13003 (/ISS)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051968
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
1 P19493 (/IMP)
Positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051968
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
1 Q9Z2W8 (/ISO)
Regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential GO:0060078
Any process that modulates the potential difference across a post-synaptic membrane.
1 P23818 (/IMP)
Long-term synaptic depression GO:0060292
A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.
1 P23818 (/IGI)
Cellular response to amino acid stimulus GO:0071230
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Cellular response to dsRNA GO:0071359
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded RNA stimulus.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Cellular response to growth factor stimulus GO:0071363
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus GO:0071375
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Cellular response to organic cyclic compound GO:0071407
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
1 P19490 (/IEP)
Cellular response to amine stimulus GO:0071418
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups.
1 P19490 (/IEP)

There are 135 GO terms relating to "cellular component"

The search results have been sorted with the annotations that are found most frequently at the top of the list. The results can be filtered by typing text into the search box at the top of the table.
GO Term Annotations Evidence
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
42 P19490 (/TAS) P19491 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
(32 more)
AMPA glutamate receptor complex GO:0032281
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. The AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission in the CNS and are composed of subunits GluR1-4, products from separate genes. These subunits have an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus.
31 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS)
(21 more)
Endocytic vesicle membrane GO:0030666
The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.
24 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(14 more)
Dendrite GO:0030425
A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
23 P19490 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS)
(13 more)
Postsynaptic density GO:0014069
An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.
21 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS)
(11 more)
Integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887
The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
18 P23819 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS) P42262 (/ISS)
(8 more)
Integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887
The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
14 P39086 (/TAS) P39086 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS) Q13002 (/TAS)
(4 more)
External side of plasma membrane GO:0009897
The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.
14 P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(4 more)
Dendrite GO:0030425
A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
14 B3DGZ2 (/IDA) F1QA08 (/IDA) P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA)
(4 more)
Dendritic spine GO:0043197
A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including \thin\, \stubby\, \mushroom\, and \branched\, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
14 P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS)
(4 more)
Excitatory synapse GO:0060076
A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell.
14 P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS)
(4 more)
Postsynapse GO:0098794
The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.
14 P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS) P42262 (/TAS)
(4 more)
Postsynaptic endocytic zone GO:0098843
A stably positioned site of clathrin adjacent and physically attached to the postsynaptic specialization, which is the site of endocytosis of post-synaptic proteins.
14 P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS) P42262 (/NAS)
(4 more)
Dendritic spine GO:0043197
A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including \thin\, \stubby\, \mushroom\, and \branched\, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
13 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) Q38PU0 (/IDA) Q38PU2 (/IDA) Q38PU2 (/IDA) Q38PU2 (/IDA) Q38PU2 (/IDA)
(3 more)
Glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978
A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.
13 B1AS29 (/IDA) F7AGW3 (/IDA) P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA)
(3 more)
Neuronal cell body GO:0043025
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
12 B3DGZ2 (/IDA) F1QA08 (/IDA) P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
(2 more)
Postsynaptic density GO:0014069
An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.
11 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) Q60934 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
(1 more)
Dendrite GO:0030425
A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
10 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Terminal bouton GO:0043195
Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.
9 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Synapse GO:0045202
The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
9 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) Q60934 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA) Q9Z2W8 (/IDA)
Integral component of presynaptic membrane GO:0099056
The component of the presynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
9 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA)
Membrane GO:0016020
A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
8 P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) Q60934 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA) Q9Z2W9 (/IDA)
AMPA glutamate receptor complex GO:0032281
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. The AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission in the CNS and are composed of subunits GluR1-4, products from separate genes. These subunits have an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus.
8 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) Q9Z2W8 (/IDA) Q9Z2W9 (/IDA)
Terminal bouton GO:0043195
Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.
8 P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P22756 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Dendritic spine GO:0043197
A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including \thin\, \stubby\, \mushroom\, and \branched\, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
8 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P48058 (/ISS) Q38PU8 (/ISS)
Glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978
A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.
8 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Integral component of postsynaptic density membrane GO:0099061
The component of the postsynaptic density membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
8 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P19493 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA)
Axon GO:0030424
The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
7 P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA) Q38PU0 (/IDA) Q38PU3 (/IDA) Q38PU3 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Neuronal cell body GO:0043025
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
7 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Neuronal cell body GO:0043025
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
7 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P48058 (/ISS)
Perikaryon GO:0043204
The portion of the cell soma (neuronal cell body) that excludes the nucleus.
7 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Postsynaptic membrane GO:0045211
A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
7 P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA) Q9Z2W9 (/IDA)
Integral component of presynaptic membrane GO:0099056
The component of the presynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
7 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane GO:0005789
The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.
6 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
6 Q0E8N6 (/ISS) Q8MQM7 (/ISS) Q8MS48 (/ISS) Q9V4E9 (/ISS) Q9VDH5 (/ISS) Q9VDH5 (/ISS)
Cell surface GO:0009986
The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
6 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane GO:0012507
The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.
6 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
Postsynaptic density GO:0014069
An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.
6 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Dendritic spine membrane GO:0032591
The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendritic spine.
6 P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA)
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane GO:0033116
The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment system.
6 P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS) P42261 (/TAS)
Presynaptic membrane GO:0042734
A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
6 P19491 (/IDA) P39087 (/IDA) Q60934 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA)
Perikaryon GO:0043204
The portion of the cell soma (neuronal cell body) that excludes the nucleus.
6 P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Neuron spine GO:0044309
A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck.
6 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS)
Recycling endosome GO:0055037
An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.
6 P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA) P42261 (/IDA)
Synaptic membrane GO:0097060
A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell.
6 P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS) P42261 (/ISS)
Integral component of postsynaptic membrane GO:0099055
The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
6 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor complex GO:0008328
A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
5 P22756 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Axon GO:0030424
The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
5 B1AS29 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor complex GO:0032983
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluK1-3 (also called GluR5-7), GluK4 (KA1) and GluK5 (KA2) subunits.
5 P39087 (/IPI) Q60934 (/IPI) Q61626 (/IPI) Q61626 (/IPI) Q8BMF5 (/IPI)
Neuron projection GO:0043005
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
5 P19490 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA) Q63273 (/IDA)
Integral component of postsynaptic membrane GO:0099055
The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
5 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005783
The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
4 P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
4 B1AS29 (/IDA) P19490 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) Q16478 (/IDA)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor complex GO:0008328
A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
4 P39087 (/ISO) Q60934 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor complex GO:0008328
A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
4 A0A0S0WIE7 (/ISS) M9PHV5 (/ISS) Q9TVG7 (/ISS) Q9VSV5 (/ISS)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor complex GO:0008328
A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
4 P19490 (/TAS) P19491 (/TAS) P19492 (/TAS) P19493 (/TAS)
AMPA glutamate receptor complex GO:0032281
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. The AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission in the CNS and are composed of subunits GluR1-4, products from separate genes. These subunits have an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus.
4 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Dendritic spine GO:0043197
A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including \thin\, \stubby\, \mushroom\, and \branched\, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
4 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Synapse GO:0045202
The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
4 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO)
Synaptic membrane GO:0097060
A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell.
4 P19490 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA) Q90855 (/IDA)
Hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse GO:0098686
One of the giant synapses that form between the mossy fiber axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and the large complex spines of CA3 pyramidal cells. It consists of a giant bouton known as the mossy fiber expansion, synapsed to the complex, multiheaded spine (thorny excresence) of a CA3 pyramidal cell.
4 P39087 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q61626 (/IDA) Q8BMF5 (/IDA)
Glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978
A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.
4 B1AS29 (/IMP) P23818 (/IMP) P39087 (/IMP) Q9Z2W8 (/IMP)
Integral component of postsynaptic density membrane GO:0099061
The component of the postsynaptic density membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
4 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W8 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
3 Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q8BMF5 (/ISO)
Plasma membrane GO:0005886
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
3 P23818 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887
The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
3 P19491 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) Q13003 (/IDA)
Integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887
The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
3 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO)
Ionotropic glutamate receptor complex GO:0008328
A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
3 P39087 (/IC) Q03445 (/IC) Q60934 (/IC)
Cell surface GO:0009986
The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
3 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA)
Asymmetric synapse GO:0032279
A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory.
3 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA)
Asymmetric synapse GO:0032279
A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Dendrite cytoplasm GO:0032839
All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane.
3 P19491 (/IDA) P42260 (/IDA) P42264 (/IDA)
Dendrite cytoplasm GO:0032839
All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane.
3 B1AS29 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) P39087 (/ISO)
Protein-containing complex GO:0032991
A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Neuron projection GO:0043005
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
3 P23818 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO) Q61626 (/ISO)
Dendritic shaft GO:0043198
Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines.
3 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA) P19492 (/IDA)
Dendritic shaft GO:0043198
Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines.
3 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO) Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse GO:0098686
One of the giant synapses that form between the mossy fiber axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and the large complex spines of CA3 pyramidal cells. It consists of a giant bouton known as the mossy fiber expansion, synapsed to the complex, multiheaded spine (thorny excresence) of a CA3 pyramidal cell.
3 P39087 (/EXP) Q61626 (/EXP) Q61626 (/EXP)
Hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse GO:0098686
One of the giant synapses that form between the mossy fiber axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and the large complex spines of CA3 pyramidal cells. It consists of a giant bouton known as the mossy fiber expansion, synapsed to the complex, multiheaded spine (thorny excresence) of a CA3 pyramidal cell.
3 P39087 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP) Q61626 (/IMP)
Synaptic vesicle GO:0008021
A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.
2 P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA)
Cell surface GO:0009986
The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
2 P23818 (/ISO) P23819 (/ISO)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor complex GO:0032983
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluK1-3 (also called GluR5-7), GluK4 (KA1) and GluK5 (KA2) subunits.
2 Q38PU5 (/ISS) Q9Z2W8 (/ISS)
Protein-containing complex GO:0032991
A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
2 P19490 (/IDA) P19491 (/IDA)
Protein-containing complex GO:0032991
A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
2 P19491 (/IPI) P19492 (/IPI)
Somatodendritic compartment GO:0036477
The region of a neuron that includes the cell body (cell soma) and dendrite(s), but excludes the axon.
2 P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA)
Neuron spine GO:0044309
A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck.
2 P19490 (/IDA) P23818 (/IDA)
Synapse GO:0045202
The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
2 P19490 (/IMP) P19493 (/IMP)
Presynaptic active zone GO:0048786
A specialized region of the plasma membrane and cell cortex of a presynaptic neuron; encompasses a region of the plasma membrane where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse, and a specialized cortical cytoskeletal matrix.
2 Q9VDH5 (/IDA) Q9VDH5 (/IDA)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse GO:0098685
A synapse between the Schaffer collateral axon of a CA3 pyramidal cell and a CA1 pyramidal cell.
2 P19491 (/IMP) P23819 (/IMP)
Postsynaptic density membrane GO:0098839
The membrane component of the postsynaptic density. This is the region of the postsynaptic membrane in which the population of neurotransmitter receptors involved in synaptic transmission are concentrated.
2 P23818 (/IDA) P23819 (/IDA)
Nucleus GO:0005634
A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
1 Q16478 (/IDA)
Early endosome GO:0005769
A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Early endosome GO:0005769
A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Cytosol GO:0005829
The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Cell-cell junction GO:0005911
A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Cell-cell junction GO:0005911
A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Cell surface GO:0009986
The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
1 P23818 (/IMP)
Axon GO:0030424
The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
1 Q13003 (/ISS)
Dendrite GO:0030425
A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
1 P19493 (/IMP)
Growth cone GO:0030426
The migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic.
1 P19491 (/IDA)
Growth cone GO:0030426
The migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Synaptic vesicle membrane GO:0030672
The lipid bilayer surrounding a synaptic vesicle.
1 P19491 (/IDA)
Synaptic vesicle membrane GO:0030672
The lipid bilayer surrounding a synaptic vesicle.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Neuromuscular junction GO:0031594
The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Neuromuscular junction GO:0031594
The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Dendrite membrane GO:0032590
The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendrite.
1 P23818 (/IDA)
Dendrite membrane GO:0032590
The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendrite.
1 P23818 (/IMP)
Dendritic spine membrane GO:0032591
The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendritic spine.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Dendrite cytoplasm GO:0032839
All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane.
1 Q13003 (/ISS)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor complex GO:0032983
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluK1-3 (also called GluR5-7), GluK4 (KA1) and GluK5 (KA2) subunits.
1 P19493 (/IDA)
Kainate selective glutamate receptor complex GO:0032983
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluK1-3 (also called GluR5-7), GluK4 (KA1) and GluK5 (KA2) subunits.
1 Q9Z2W8 (/ISO)
Presynaptic membrane GO:0042734
A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Synaptic cleft GO:0043083
The narrow gap that separates the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes, into which neurotransmitter is released.
1 P19492 (/IDA)
Synaptic cleft GO:0043083
The narrow gap that separates the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes, into which neurotransmitter is released.
1 Q9Z2W9 (/ISO)
Terminal bouton GO:0043195
Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.
1 Q13003 (/ISS)
Perikaryon GO:0043204
The portion of the cell soma (neuronal cell body) that excludes the nucleus.
1 Q13003 (/ISS)
Receptor complex GO:0043235
Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
1 P22756 (/IDA)
Receptor complex GO:0043235
Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
1 Q60934 (/ISO)
Axonal spine GO:0044308
A spine that originates from the axon, usually from the initial segment.
1 P23818 (/IDA)
Neuron spine GO:0044309
A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Synapse GO:0045202
The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
1 P39087 (/TAS)
Recycling endosome GO:0055037
An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Excitatory synapse GO:0060076
A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell.
1 P19490 (/IDA)
Excitatory synapse GO:0060076
A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Synaptic membrane GO:0097060
A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell.
1 P19490 (/IMP)
Synaptic membrane GO:0097060
A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell.
1 P23818 (/ISO)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse GO:0098685
A synapse between the Schaffer collateral axon of a CA3 pyramidal cell and a CA1 pyramidal cell.
1 P19491 (/IDA)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse GO:0098685
A synapse between the Schaffer collateral axon of a CA3 pyramidal cell and a CA1 pyramidal cell.
1 P23819 (/ISO)
Parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse GO:0098688
An excitatory synapse formed by the parallel fibers of granule cells synapsing onto the dendrites of Purkinje cells.
1 Q9Z2W9 (/IDA)
Parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse GO:0098688
An excitatory synapse formed by the parallel fibers of granule cells synapsing onto the dendrites of Purkinje cells.
1 Q9Z2W9 (/IMP)
Postsynapse GO:0098794
The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.
1 P23818 (/IDA)
Glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978
A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.
1 F7AGW3 (/EXP)
Integral component of postsynaptic density membrane GO:0099061
The component of the postsynaptic density membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
1 P23818 (/IC)
Extracellular vesicle GO:1903561
Any vesicle that is part of the extracellular region.
1 P48058 (/HDA)