The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.

The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation.

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the cytosol of a cell or between the cytosol and its surroundings.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the change in the membrane potential of the mitochondria from negative to positive.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.

The process in which the vasculature of the retina is generated and organized.

The process in which the vasculature of the retina is generated and organized.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

The expansion of one cell sheet over other cells or yolk.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of the cysteine knot protein Norrin to a Frizzled 4 (Fzd4) family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering.

The regrowth of bone following its loss or destruction.

The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation.

The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.

The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.

The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.

The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.

The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.

Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement.

Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.

The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate.

The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate.

Any process that mediates the transfer of information between the extracellular matrix and a cell.

Any process that mediates the transfer of information between the extracellular matrix and a cell.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, where the signal is passed on via the JNK cascade.

The regulated release of progesterone, a steroid hormone, by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta.

The regulated release of progesterone, a steroid hormone, by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.

The process in which the vasculature of the retina is generated and organized.

The process in which the vasculature of the cerebellum is generated and organized.

The process in which the vasculature of the cerebellum is generated and organized.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of the cysteine knot protein Norrin to a Frizzled 4 (Fzd4) family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches.

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leukemia inhibitory factor stimulus.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.

The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

The expansion of a neuroblast population by cell division. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron.

The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a B cell. A B cell is a lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and capable of B cell mediated immunity.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via effectors other than beta-catenin.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, where the signal is passed on via the JNK cascade.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.

A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynapse.

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynapse.

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynapse.

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering.

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering.

The regrowth of bone following its loss or destruction.

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.

A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.

The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.

The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated vesicle.

The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle.

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a filopodium.

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.

The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.

A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.

A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.