CATH Classification

Domain Context

CATH Clusters

Superfamily ACP-like
Functional Family Fatty acid synthase

Enzyme Information

2.3.1.39
[Acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
Malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier- protein].
-!- Essential, along with EC 2.3.1.38, for the initiation of fatty-acid biosynthesis in bacteria. -!- Also provides the malonyl groups for polyketide biosynthesis. -!- The product of the reaction, malonyl-ACP, is an elongation substrate in fatty-acid biosynthesis. -!- In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, holo-ACP (the product of EC 2.7.8.7) is the preferred substrate. -!- This enzyme also forms part of the multienzyme complexes EC 4.1.1.88 and EC 4.1.1.89. -!- Malonylation of ACP is immediately followed by decarboxylation within the malonate-decarboxylase complex to yield acetyl-ACP, the catalytically active species of the decarboxylase. -!- In the enzyme from Klebsiella pneumoniae, methylmalonyl-CoA can also act as a substrate but acetyl-CoA cannot whereas the enzyme from Pseudomonas putida can use both as substrates. -!- The ACP subunit found in fatty-acid biosynthesis contains a pantetheine-4'-phosphate prosthetic group; that from malonate decarboxylase also contains pantetheine-4'-phosphate but in the form of a 2'-(5-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA prosthetic group.
3.1.2.14
Oleoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydrolase.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
Oleoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + H(2)O = [acyl-carrier-protein] + oleate.
-!- Acts on [acyl-carrier-protein] thioesters of fatty acids from C(12) to C(18), but the derivative of oleic acid is hydrolyzed much more rapidly than any other compound tested.
4.2.1.59
3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
A (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a trans-2-enoyl-[acyl- carrier protein] + H(2)O.
-!- This enzyme is responsible for the dehydration step of the dissociated (type II) fatty-acid biosynthesis system that occurs in plants and bacteria. -!- The enzyme uses fatty acyl thioesters of ACP in vivo. -!- Different forms of the enzyme may have preferences for substrates with different chain length. -!- For example, the activity of FabZ, the ubiquitous enzyme in bacteria, decreases with increasing chain length. -!- Gram-negative bacteria that produce unsaturated fatty acids, such as Escherichia coli, have another form (FabA) that prefers intermediate chain length, and also catalyzes EC 5.3.3.14. -!- Despite the differences both forms can catalyze all steps leading to the synthesis of palmitate (C16:0). -!- FabZ, but not FabA, can also accept unsaturated substrates. -!- Formerly EC 4.2.1.58, EC 4.2.1.60 and EC 4.2.1.61.
1.1.1.100
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
(3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + NADP(+) = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl- carrier-protein] + NADPH.
-!- Exhibits a marked preference for [acyl-carrier-protein] derivatives over CoA derivatives as substrates.
2.3.1.85
Fatty-acid synthase system.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
Acetyl-CoA + n malonyl-CoA + 2n NADPH = a long-chain fatty acid + (n+1) CoA + n CO(2) + 2n NADP(+).
-!- The animal enzyme is a multifunctional protein catalyzing the reactions of EC 2.3.1.38, EC 2.3.1.39, EC 2.3.1.41, EC 1.1.1.100, EC 4.2.1.59, EC 1.3.1.39 and EC 3.1.2.14. -!- Cf. EC 2.3.1.86.
2.3.1.41
Beta-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = 3-oxoacyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] + CO(2) + [acyl-carrier-protein].
-!- Responsible for the chain-elongation step of dissociated (type II) fatty-acid biosynthesis, i.e. the addition of two C atoms to the fatty-acid chain. -!- Escherichia coli mutants that lack this enzyme are deficient in unsaturated fatty acids. -!- Can use fatty acyl thioesters of ACP (C(2) to C(16)) as substrates, as well as fatty acyl thioesters of Co-A (C(4) to C(16)). -!- The substrate specificity is very similar to that of EC 2.3.1.179 with the exception that the latter enzyme is far more active with palmitoleoyl-ACP (C(16)-Delta(9)) as substrate, allowing the organism to regulate its fatty-acid composition with changes in temperature.
1.3.1.39
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH, Re-specific).
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
An acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADP(+) = a trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl- carrier protein] + NADPH.
-!- This enzyme completes each cycle of fatty acid elongation by catalyzing the stereospecific reduction of the double bond at position 2 of a growing fatty acid chain, while linked to an acyl- carrier protein. -!- It is one of the activities of EC 2.3.1.85. -!- The mammalian enzyme is Re-specific with respect to NADP(+) (cf. EC 1.3.1.10 and and EC 1.3.1.104).
2.3.1.38
[Acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase.
based on mapping to UniProt P49327
Acetyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + acetyl-[acyl-carrier- protein].
-!- Essential, along with EC 2.3.1.39, for the initiation of fatty-acid biosynthesis in bacteria. -!- The substrate acetyl-CoA protects the enzyme against inhibition by N-ethylmaleimide or iodoacetamide. -!- This is one of the activities associated with EC 2.3.1.180.

UniProtKB Entries (1)

P49327
FAS_HUMAN
Homo sapiens
Fatty acid synthase

PDB Structure

PDB 2CG5
External Links
Method X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Organism
Primary Citation
Mechanism and Substrate Recognition of Human Holo Acp Synthase.
Bunkoczi, G., Pasta, S., Joshi, A., Wu, X., Kavanagh, K.L., Smith, S., Oppermann, U.
Chem.Biol.