The name of this superfamily has been modified since the most recent official CATH+ release (v4_3_0). At the point of the last release, this superfamily was named:

"
Alphavirus E2 glycoprotein, A domain
".

Functional Families

Overview of the Structural Clusters (SC) and Functional Families within this CATH Superfamily. Clusters with a representative structure are represented by a filled circle.

Superfamily: Alphavirus E2 glycoprotein, A domain

Alphaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that use arthropods such as mosquitoes for transmission to their vertebrate hosts, and include Semliki Forest and Sindbis viruses PMID:15378043. Alphaviruses consist of three structural proteins: the core nucleocapsid protein C, and the envelope proteins P62 and E1 which associate as an heterodimer. The viral membrane-anchored surface glycoproteins are responsible for receptor recognition and entry into target cells through membrane fusion. P62 maturates through proteolysis into E2 and E3, process which causes a change in the viral surface. Association between E1, E2 and sometimes E3 glycoprotein "spikes" result in formation of a E1/E2 dimer or an E1/E2/E3 trimer, where E2 extends from the centre to the vertices, E1 fills the space between the vertices, and E3, if present, is at the distal end of the spike PMID:8107141,PMID:9445057. Exposure of the virus to the low pH of the endosome results in dissociation of E1 from E2 and subsequent formation of an E1 homotrimer, necessary for the fusion of cellular and viral membranes PMID:11301009.

The E2 glycoproteins interact with the nucleocapsid through its cytoplasmic domain, while its ectodomain is responsible for binding a cellular receptor. This is an all beta protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, with three immunoglobulin domains labelled A, B and C in amino- to carboxy-terminal order. Structural domains comprising this superfamily share the structure of the N-terminal domain, known as domain A, of the alphavirus E2 glycoprotein and which is found at the centre of the protein PMID:21124458.

GO Diversity

Unique GO annotations
10 Unique GO terms

EC Diversity

Unique EC annotations
1 Unique EC terms

Species Diversity

Unique species annotations
56 Unique species

Sequence/Structure Diversity

Overview of the sequence / structure diversity of this superfamily compared to other superfamilies in CATH. Click on the chart to view the data in more detail.

Superfamily Summary

A general summary of information for this superfamily.
Structures
Domains: 14
Domain clusters (>95% seq id): 2
Domain clusters (>35% seq id): 2
Unique PDBs: 7
Alignments
Structural Clusters (5A): 1
Structural Clusters (9A): 1
FunFam Clusters: 1
Function
Unique EC: 1
Unique GO: 10
Taxonomy
Unique Species: 56