CATH Classification

Domain Context

CATH Clusters

Superfamily Glutaredoxin
Functional Family Peroxiredoxin 1

Enzyme Information

1.11.1.15
Peroxiredoxin.
based on mapping to UniProt Q13162
2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H(2)O + ROH.
-!- Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of antioxidant proteins. -!- They can be divided into three classes: typical 2-Cys, atypical 2-Cys and 1-Cys peroxiredoxins. -!- The peroxidase reaction comprises two steps centered around a redox- active cysteine called the peroxidatic cysteine. -!- All three peroxiredoxin classes have the first step in common, in which the peroxidatic cysteine attacks the peroxide substrate and is oxidized to S-hydroxycysteine (a sulfenic acid). -!- The second step of the peroxidase reaction, the regeneration of cysteine from S-hydroxycysteine, distinguishes the three peroxiredoxin classes. -!- For typical 2-Cys Prxs, in the second step, the peroxidatic S-hydroxycysteine from one subunit is attacked by the 'resolving' cysteine located in the C-terminus of the second subunit, to form an intersubunit disulfide bond, which is then reduced by one of several cell-specific thiol-containing reductants (R'-SH) (e.g. thioredoxin, AhpF, tryparedoxin or AhpD), completing the catalytic cycle. -!- In the atypical 2-Cys Prxs, both the peroxidatic cysteine and its resolving cysteine are in the same polypeptide, so their reaction forms an intrachain disulfide bond. -!- To recycle the disulfide, known atypical 2-Cys Prxs appear to use thioredoxin as an electron donor. -!- The 1-Cys Prxs conserve only the peroxidatic cysteine, so that its oxidized form is directly reduced to cysteine by the reductant molecule.

UniProtKB Entries (1)

Q13162
PRDX4_HUMAN
Homo sapiens
Peroxiredoxin-4

PDB Structure

PDB 2PN8
External Links
Method X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Organism Escherichia
Primary Citation
Crystal structure of human peroxiredoxin 4 (thioredoxin peroxidase).
Pilka, E.S., Kavanagh, K.L., Cooper, C., von Delft, F., Sundstrom, M., Arrowsmith, C.A., Weigelt, J., Edwards, A., Oppermann, U.
To be Published